Molecular Weight (MW)

262.26

Formula

C16H10N2O2

CAS No.

479-41-4

Storage

-20℃ for 3 years in powder form

-80℃ for 2 years in solvent

Solubility (In vitro)

DMSO: 53 mg/mL (202.1 mM)

Water: <1 mg/mL

Ethanol: <1 mg/mL

Other info

InChi Key: CRDNMYFJWFXOCH-YPKPFQOOSA-N

InChi Code: InChI=1S/C16H10N2O2/c19-15-10-6-2-4-8-12(10)17-14(15)13-9-5-1-3-7-11(9)18-16(13)20/h1-8,17H,(H,18,20)/b14-13-

SMILES Code: O=C1NC2=C(C=CC=C2)/C1=C3NC4=C(C=CC=C4)C/3=O

Synonyms

NSC 105327, Couroupitine B; C.I. 73200, Indigo red, Indigopurpurin; NSC-105327, NSC 105327; NSC105327.

In Vitro

In vitro activity: Indirubin is the active ingredient of Danggui Longhui Wan, a mixture of plants that is used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat chronic diseases. Indirubin inhibits CDKs activity with IC50 of 2.2 - 10 μM resulting in cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Indirubin also inhibits GSK-3β with an IC50 of 0.6 μM, attenuating CDK5- and GSK-3β-mediated tau phosphorylation, a process over-active in Alzheimer disease states. It also suppresses tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced NF-κB activation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Indirubin also suppresses the NF-κB activation induced by various inflammatory agents and carcinogens. Indirubin blocks the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα through the inhibition of activation of IκBα kinase and phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of p65.

Cell Assay: Indirubin exerted its inhibitory effects not only on interferon-γ production by human myelomonocytic HBL-38 cells but also on interferon-γ and interleukin-σ production by murine splenocytes with no influence on the proliferation of either cells.

In Vivo

Because of Indirubin’s inhibitory activity on interferon-γ production, the authors further investigated the effects of indirubin on 2,4,6-trinitro-l-chlorobenzene-induced delayed-type hypersensitivity. When injected intraperitoneally, indirubin significantly inhibited the ear swelling of TNCB-elicited mice. Moreover,the amount of interferon-γ in the culture supernatants of elicited mouse lymphocytes was inhibited by indirubin treatment

Animal model

Formulation & Dosage

References

J Biol Chem. 2006 Aug 18;281(33):23425-35; J Biol Chem. 2001 Jan 5;276(1):251-60.