| In Vitro | In vitro activity: Deferasirox effectively chelates iron from Rhizopus oryzae and demonstrates cidal activity in vitro against 28 of 29 clinical isolates of Mucorales at concentrations well below clinically achievable serum levels. Deferasirox incubation induces a significant inhibition of NF-κB activity and a cytoplasmic sequestration of its active subunit p65 in an inactive form in 28 of 40 peripheral blood samples. Deferasirox inhibits three human myeloid cell lines (K562, U937, and HL60) with IC50 of 17-50 mM. Deferasirox is cidal in vitro against A. fumigatus, with an MIC and MFC of 25 and 50 mg/L, respectively.
Cell Assay: In DMS-53 lung carcinoma and SK-N-MC neuroepithelioma cell lines, deferasirox inhibited cells proliferation. Deferasirox inhibited iron uptake from human transferrin and mobilized cellular 59Fe. In two oesophageal adenocarcinoma cell lines OE33 and OE19, deferasirox with a standard chemotherapeutic agent inhibited cellular viability and proliferation. |
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| Animal model | In nude mice bearing DMS-53 lung carcinoma xenografts, deferasirox inhibited tumor growth. Also, deferasirox increased cleaved caspase-3, cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1, the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21CIP1/WAF1 and the expression of the metastasis suppressor protein N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 while reducing cyclin D1, which suggested deferasirox is an effective antitumor agent. In human xenograft models, deferasirox significantly inhibited tumour growth, which was associated with the decrease in iron levels. |
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