生物活性
Pamapimod (R-1503, Ro4402257)是一种新型的、选择性的p38 MAPK抑制剂，Pamapimod能抑制p38α和p38β， IC50分别为0.014±0.002和0.48± 0.04 μM。Pamapimod也能抑制LPS刺激下单核细胞TNFα的产生、人全血细胞中IL-1β的生成以及RA患者滑膜外植体的自发性TNFα的产生。
在体内研究中，Pamapimod（50 mg/kg）在小鼠胶原诱导性关节炎中能减少炎症临床症状以及减少骨质流失。在痛觉过敏的大鼠模型中，pamapimod能增强其耐压力，说明p38在炎症相关的疼痛中的重要作用。Pamapimod能抑制RA患者滑膜外植体的自发性TNFα的产生。在啮齿类动物中，pamapimod抑制LPS-和TNFα-刺激下TNFα和IL-6的生成。
化学数据
| 分子量 | 406.38 |
| 分子式 | C19H20F2N4O4 |
| CAS号 | 449811-01-2 |
| 纯度 | >98% |
| 溶解性（25°C） | DMSO 80 mg/mL
Ethanol 20 mg/mL |
| 储存和运输条件 | 固体粉末： -20°C 冷藏长期储存
常温运输及临时存放 |
实验操作 来自于公开的文献，仅供相同实验参考（如实验材料、目的不同，请参考其他文献）
| 细胞实验 |
|---|
| 细胞系 | Human Monocytic Cell Line, THP-1 |
| 方法 | THP-1 cells, growing in log phase, were collected by centrifugation and resuspended in RPMI 1640 containing 5.5×10-5M 2-mercaptoethanol and 10% fetal bovine serum to a final cell concentration of 2.5×106cells/ml. Dilutions of pamapimod were predispensed in 25 μl aliquots (before addition of cells) into round-bottom 96-well plates. The starting concentration was 100 μM in 5% dimethyl sulfoxide, and six half-log serial dilutions were made. After the addition of 200 μl of cell suspension and 25 μl of 5 μg/ml LPS in medium, the final dimethyl sulfoxide concentration was 0.5%. Compounds were diluted an additional 10-fold, and the final LPS concentration was 500 ng/ml. The cell suspensions and compound dilutions were combined and incubated for 30 min at 37°C in a 5% CO2humidified atmosphere, before the addition of LPS (or medium for non-LPS control samples). After the addition of LPS, plates were incubated for 2 h, followed by centrifugation to pellet cells. Cell supernatants were stored at 4°C until analysis for TNF-α content. TNF-α levels were determined by ELISA. Cytokine concentrations were determined. |
| 浓度 | 15 μM |
| 处理时间 | 150 min |
| 动物实验 |
|---|
| 动物模型 | BALB/c mice |
| 配制 | 0.9% NaCl, 0.5% sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 0.4% polysorbate 80, 0.9% benzyl alcohol, and 97.3% distilled water. |
| 剂量 | 25, 50, 100, 150 mg/kg |
| 给药处理 | oral administration |
不同实验动物依据体表面积的等效剂量转换表（数据来源于FDA指南）
| 小鼠 | 大鼠 | 兔 | 豚鼠 | 仓鼠 | 狗 |
| 重量 (kg) | 0.02 | 0.15 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.08 | 10 |
| 体表面积 (m2) | 0.007 | 0.025 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.5 |
| Km系数 | 3 | 6 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 20 |
| 动物 A (mg/kg) = 动物 B (mg/kg) × | 动物 B的Km系数 |
| 动物 A的Km系数 |
例如，依据体表面积折算法，将化合物用于小鼠的剂量20 mg/kg 换算成大鼠的剂量，需要将20 mg/kg 乘以小鼠的Km系数（3），再除以大鼠的Km系数（6），得到化合物用于大鼠的等效剂量为10 mg/kg。
储备液配制
以下数据基于产品分子量，对于特殊产品，请参照COA中的储备液配制条件和说明进行操作。
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
|---|
| 1 mM | 2.4608 mL | 12.3038 mL | 24.6075 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4922 mL | 2.4608 mL | 4.9215 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2461 mL | 1.2304 mL | 2.4608 mL |
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