Background:

Angiotensin I/II (1-5) is a peptide (ASP-ARG-VAL-TYR-ILE) that contains the amino acids 1-5 and is converted from Angiotensin I/II.

Angiotensin I is formed by the action of?renin?on?angiotensinogen, an α-2-globulin with 12 amino acids. Angiotensinogen is produced constitutively and released into the circulation mainly by the liver. Renin cleaves the?peptide bond?between the?leucine?(Leu) and?valine?(Val) residues on angiotensinogen, creating the ten-amino acid?peptide angiotensin I. Angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II (AII) through the removal of two C-terminal residues by angiotensin-converting enzyme?(ACE), primarily by ACE within the lung.

Angiotensin?is a?peptide hormone?that causes?vasoconstriction?and a subsequent increase in?blood pressure. Angiotensin also stimulates the release of?aldosterone,?which promotes sodium retention in the distal nephron, thereby increasing blood pressure.

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