Background:

Imiquimod maleate is an immune response modifier that acts as a toll-like receptor 7agonist.

In animal models, imiquimod stimulates the innate immune response by increasing NK cell activity, activating macrophages to secretecytokines and nitric oxide, and inducing proliferation and differentiation of B lymphocytes. Imiquimod stimulates the innate immune response through induction, synthesis, and release of cytokines, including interferon-a (IFN-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α[1].

参考文献:
[1]. Bilu D, et al. Imiquimod: modes of action. Br J Dermatol. 2003 Nov;149 Suppl 66:5-8.