Background:

Hygromycin B is a selective antibiotic.

Antibiotics are a type of antimicrobial used in the treatment and prevention of bacterial infection.

Hygromycin B is an antibiotic that is effective on most bacteria, fungi and higher eukaryotes. Hygromycin B has a single binding site within the 30S subunit, which is in consistent with its monophasic effect. The binding site is located in the major groove of the helix with a highly sequence-specific way. Hygromycin B inhibits protein synthesis by inhibiting the translocation step of elongation and causing mistranslation of mRNA in the 70S ribosome [1]. Hygromycin B selectively inhibited activity of the ribosomal ATPase (RbbA) on 70S ribosomes and releases RbbA from 70S ribosomes at physiological concentrations. RbbA enhances the reactivity of A889 and G890 of the 16S rRNA switch helix region. Also, Hygromycin B protects G1494 and A1408 in the decoding region.

参考文献:
[1].? Brodersen DE, Clemons WM Jr, Carter AP, et al. The structural basis for the action of the antibiotics tetracycline, pactamycin, and hygromycin B on the 30S ribosomal subunit. Cell, 2000, 103(7): 1143-1154.
[2].? Ganoza MC, Kiel MC. A ribosomal ATPase is a target for hygromycin B inhibition on Escherichia coli ribosomes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2001, 45(10): 2813-2819.