Background:

SPDP is a short-chain crosslinker for amine-to-sulfhydryl conjugation via NHS-ester and pyridyldithiol reactive groups that form cleavable (reducible) disulfide bonds with cysteine sulfhydryls. equal amounts of anti-CD11c and anti-CTLA-4 Abs (in borate buffered saline; pH 8.5) were activated using SPDP .

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