5’-Nucleotidase domain containing 2 (NT5DC2) is a member of the NT5DC family and contains a haloacid dehalogenase motif localized in the N-terminus of these proteins. NT5DC2 shows high sequence similarity with NT5C2. NT5C2 has received attention in the field of hematological neoplasms because NT5C2 mutations have been demonstrated to drive resistance to thiopurine, a drug frequently used to treat hematological neoplasms. NT5C2 catalyzes purine-nucleotide metabolism and induces chemotherapeutic resistance via excess export of purines to the extracellular space and depletion of the intracellular purine-nucleotide pool. Therefore, NT5DC2 may also participate in purine-nucleotide metabolism and exert purine-nucleotide catalytic activity. NT5DC2 overexpression promotes HCC cell proliferation and clone formation by regulating the cell cycle and promoting tumor growth in subcutaneous xenografts, while NT5DC2 knockdown inhibits these processes. NT5DC2 is associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and bipolar disorder. NT5DC2 interacts with tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) to regulate TH catalytic activity and thus regulate catecholamine synthesis. NT5DC2 has been shown to interact with and stabilize Fyn, an Src family proto-oncogene, and plays a role in regulating glioblastoma progression.