AFD-R is a potent immunomodulator which activates sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor. AFD-R is a prodrug of ALL-R, and a analogue of FTY720. References: Gendron DR, Lecours PB, Lemay AM, Beaulieu MJ, Huppé CA, Lee-Gosselin A, Flamand N, Don AS, Bissonnette E, Blanchet MR, Laplante M, Bourgoin SG, Bossé Y, Marsolais D. A Phosphorylatable Sphingosine Analog Induces Airway Smooth Muscle Cytostasis and Reverses Airway Hyperresponsiveness in Experimental Asthma. Front Pharmacol. 2017 Feb 21;8:78. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00078. eCollection 2017. PubMed PMID: 28270767; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5318459.

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