Ganciclovir (BW 759) hydrate 是一种核苷类似物和口服抗病毒药物，对CMV具有抗病毒活性。Ganciclovir hydrate 在体外对疱疹病毒 (herpes group) 和其他一些 DNA 病毒也具有抗病毒活性。Ganciclovir hydrate 抑制人类疱疹病毒 (HSV 1 型和 2 型，CMV) 和腺病毒血清型1、2、4、6、8、10、19、22 和 28 的体外复制。Ganciclovir hydrate 对猫 1 型疱疹病毒 (FHV-1) 的IC50为 5.2 μM，可透过大脑屏障。
| 生物活性 | Ganciclovir (BW 759) hydrate, a nucleoside analogue, is an orally active antiviral agent with activity againstCMV. Ganciclovir hydrate also has activity in vitro against members of theherpes groupand some other DNA viruses. Ganciclovir hydrate inhibits the in vitro replication of human herpes viruses (HSV 1 and 2, CMV) and adenovirus serotypes 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 19, 22 and 28. Ganciclovir hydrate has anIC50of 5.2 μM for feline herpesvirus type-1 (FHV-1) and can diffuse into the brain[1][2][3]. |
| IC50& Target[1][2][3] | CMV | HSV-1 | HSV-2 | FHV-1 5.2 μM (IC50) |
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体外研究
(In Vitro) | Ganciclovir (BW 759) is an acyclic deoxyguanosine analog structurally similar to acyclovir but with superior activity against CMV. The median Ganciclovir concentration required to inhibit viral replication by 50 percent is 2.15 μM versus 72 μM for acyclovir[4].
The primary mechanism of Ganciclovir action against CMV is inhibition of the replication of viral DNA by ganciclovir-5'-triphosphate (ganciclovir-TP). This inhibition includes a selective and potent inhibition of the viral DNA polymerase. Ganciclovir is metabolized to the triphosphate form by primarily three cellular enzymes: a deoxyguanosine kinase induced by CMV-infected cells; guanylate kinase; and phosphoglycerate kinase[5].
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体内研究
(In Vivo) | Ganciclovir (BW 759) (50 mg/kg; i.p.; twice a day for five injections) significantly decreases white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets in newborn mice, and can diffuse into the brain and the perilymphatic space of the inner ear[3].
Ganciclovir (1-80 mg/kg; i.h.; daily for 5 days) delays murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV)-induced wasting syndrome and mortality[6].
| Animal Model: | Non-inbred Oncins France 1 (OF1) mice and albino rats non-immunized for
MCMV[3] | | Dosage: | 50 mg/kg | | Administration: | Intraperitoneal injection, twice a day for five injections (mice) or 3 days (adult rats) (Pharmacokinetic Study) | | Result: | In adult rats, the intracochlear diffusion of Ganciclovir was shown to achieve the same concentration as in blood. In gestating mice, transplacental diffusion was observed, with a fetal-to-maternal blood ratio of 0.5. In newborn mice, the plasma concentration profile of Ganciclovir showed a peak at 2 h followed by a gradual decrease. In adult mice, the concentration peaked at 1 h, but became undetectable by 2 h after injection.
Significantly decreased white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets in newborn mice. |
| Animal Model: | Female SCID mice inoculated with MCMV[6] | | Dosage: | 0, 1, 10, 80 and 160 mg/kg | | Administration: | Subcutaneous injection, once daily for 5 days | | Result: | Dose dependently delayed the wasting syndrome and mortality in a dose range up to 80 mg/kg per day, whereas a dose of 160 mg/kg per day induced reversible side-effects. |
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| 运输条件 | Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere. |
| 储存方式 | Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis. |
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