Metronidazole 是一种硝基咪唑类抗生素，具有口服活性。Metronidazole 能够穿过血脑屏障。Metronidazole 可用于厌氧微生物感染的研究。
| 生物活性 | Metronidazole is an orally active nitroimidazoleantibiotic. Metronidazole can cross blood brain barrier. Metronidazole can be used for the research of anaerobic infections[1][2][3][4]. |
体外研究
(In Vitro) | Metronidazole displays inhibitory activity towards anaerobic protozoaTrichomonas vaginalis,Entamoeba histolytica,Giardia lamblia, andBalantidium coli[1].
Metronidazole (4-8 μg/mL) inhibits anaerobic bacteria and shows good bactericidal activity[1].
Metronidazole (0.1 μg/mL-0.01 mg/mL; 12-96 h) induces granular formation and triggers apoptosis inBlastocystissp[2].
Apoptosis Analysis[2] | Cell Line: | Blastocystissp. Cells | | Concentration: | 0.1 μg/mL-0.01 mg/mL | | Incubation Time: | 12, 24, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96 hours | | Result: | Decreased cell diameter, as a hallmark of an apoptotic cell, and resulted cell shrinkage. |
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体内研究
(In Vivo) | Metronidazole (135 mg/kg/d; p.o.; 28 d) can cross the blood brain barrier, and exhibits neurotoxicity under long term administration in rats[3].
Metronidazole (1 g/L; p.o.; 4 weeks) results skeletal muscle atrophy and changes the expression of genes involved in the muscle peripheral circadian rhythm machinery and metabolic regulation[4].
| Animal Model: | Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (200-220 g)[3] | | Dosage: | 135 mg/kg | | Administration: | Oral gavage; once daily; 28 days | | Result: | Caused inflammatory markers increasing, including iNOS, eNOS, Bax and caspase 3 protein expressions increasing and caused oxidative stress damage in brain tissue, with MDA content rising. |
| Animal Model: | SPF C57Bl/6J mice (6-7 months old)[4] | | Dosage: | 1 g/L | | Administration: | Oral gavage; provided with drinking water for 4 weeks, changed twice weekly | | Result: | Resulted the muscle core clock and effector genes Cry2, Ror-β, E4BP4, PP ARγ and adiponectin expression increasing.
Decreased hind limb muscle weight and resulted in smaller fibers in the tibialis anterior muscle. |
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| 结构分类 | - Antibiotics
- Other Antibiotics
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| 来源 | Gram-negative and Gram-positive anaerobic |
| 运输条件 | Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere. |
| 储存方式 | 4°C, protect from light *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light) |
| 溶解性数据 | In Vitro: DMSO : 35 mg/mL(204.50 mM;Need ultrasonic and warming) H2O : 16.67 mg/mL(97.40 mM;Need ultrasonic) 配制储备液 | 1 mM | 5.8428 mL | 29.2141 mL | 58.4283 mL | | 5 mM | 1.1686 mL | 5.8428 mL | 11.6857 mL | | 10 mM | 0.5843 mL | 2.9214 mL | 5.8428 mL |
*请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。
储备液的保存方式和期限：-80℃, 6 months; -20℃, 1 month (protect from light)。-80℃ 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20℃ 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 In Vivo: 请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解方案。以下溶解方案都请先按照In Vitro方式配制澄清的储备液，再依次添加助溶剂： ——为保证实验结果的可靠性，澄清的储备液可以根据储存条件，适当保存；体内实验的工作液，建议您现用现配，当天使用；
以下溶剂前显示的百
分比是指该溶剂在您配制终溶液中的体积占比；如在配制过程中出现沉淀、析出现象，可以通过加热和/或超声的方式助溶 1. 请依序添加每种溶剂： PBS Solubility: 12.5 mg/mL (73.04 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60℃ 2. 请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO 40%PEG300 5%Tween-80 45% saline Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.15 mM); Clear solution
此方案可获得 ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.15 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液。 以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 20.8 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中，混合均匀；向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80，混合均匀；然后继续加入 450 μL生理盐水定容至 1 mL。 3. 请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO 90% (20%SBE-β-CDin saline) Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.15 mM); Clear solution
此方案可获得 ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.15 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液。 以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 20.8 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 900 μL20% 的 SBE-β-CD 生理盐水水溶液中，混合均匀。 4. 请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO 90%corn oil Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.15 mM); Clear solution
此方案可获得 ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.15 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液，此方案不适用于实验周期在半个月以上的实验。 以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 20.8 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 900 μL玉米油中，混合均匀。 *以上所有助溶剂都可在本网站选购。
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