Chloramphenicol succinate is a water-soluble prodrug form of the antibiotic chloramphenicol. It is a substrate for succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and is oxidized by human liver and rat liver and kidney mitochondria to release chloramphenicol in vitro. Chloramphenicol succinate reduces human leukocyte migration in vitro. In vivo, chloramphenicol succinate reduces E. coli growth in rabbit and rat models of pyelonephritis when administered at doses of 150 and 200 mg/kg, respectively. Chloramphenicol succinate (20 mg/kg) reduces infarct size in a porcine model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Formulations containing chloramphenicol succinate have been used in the treatment of severe bacterial infections.