Phenytoin (5,5-Diphenylhydantoin) is a potentVoltage-gated Na⁺channels (VGSCs)blocker. Phenytoin has antiepileptic activity and reduces breast tumour growth and metastasis in mice^[1][2].

Phenytoin is an antiepileptic drug. It is useful to partial seizures and generalized tonic-clonic seizures but not primary generalized seizures such as absence seizures or myoclonic seizures. Phenytoin is believed to protect against seizures by causing voltage-dependent block of voltage-gated sodium channels^[2].
Phenytoin has low affinity for resting sodium channels at hyperpolarized membrane potentials^[3].
When neurons are depolarized and the channels transition into the open and inactivated states, greater binding and block occur. The inhibitory potency is strongly use dependent, so that block accumulates with prolonged or repetitive activation, such as occurs during a seizure discharge. The blocking of sodium channels by phenytoin is of slow onset. The time course of fast sodium currents is therefore not altered in the presence of the drug and action potentials evoked by synaptic depolarizations of ordinary duration are not blocked. Thus phenytoin is able to selectively inhibit pathological hyperexcitability in epilepsy without unduly impairing ongoing activity. Phenytoin also blocks persistent sodium current and this may be of particular importance in seizure control. Phenytoin is a class 1b antiarrhythmic^[4].

Phenytoin (5,5-Diphenylhydantoin; 60 mg/kg; daily; 28 days ) reduces tumour growth in six week-old female Rag2^-/-Il2rg^-/-mice with MDA-MB-231 cells^[1].

252.27

Solid

C₁₅H₁₂N₂O₂

57-41-0

苯妥英

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

DMSO : 50 mg/mL(198.20 mM;Need ultrasonic)

请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。
储备液的保存方式和期限：-80℃, 6 months; -20℃, 1 month。-80℃ 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20℃ 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。

请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解方案。以下溶解方案都请先按照In Vitro方式配制澄清的储备液，再依次添加助溶剂：

——为保证实验结果的可靠性，澄清的储备液可以根据储存条件，适当保存；体内实验的工作液，建议您现用现配，当天使用； 以下溶剂前显示的百
分比是指该溶剂在您配制终溶液中的体积占比；如在配制过程中出现沉淀、析出现象，可以通过加热和/或超声的方式助溶

• 1.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO    40%PEG300   5%Tween-80   45% saline

  Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.91 mM); Clear solution

  此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.91 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液。

  以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中，混合均匀；向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80，混合均匀；然后继续加入 450 μL生理盐水定容至 1 mL。

  将 0.9 g 氯化钠，完全溶解于 100 mL ddH2O 中，得到澄清透明的生理盐水溶液
• 2.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO    90% (20%SBE-β-CDin saline)

  Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.91 mM); Clear solution

  此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.91 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液。

  以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 900 μL20% 的 SBE-β-CD 生理盐水水溶液中，混合均匀。

  将 2 g 磺丁基醚 β-环糊精加入 5 mL 生理盐水中，再用生理盐水定容至 10 mL，完全溶解，澄清透明
• 3.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO    90%corn oil

  Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.91 mM); Clear solution

  此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.91 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液，此方案不适用于实验周期在半个月以上的实验。

  以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 900 μL玉米油中，混合均匀。