Cell experiment:

Cortical neurons are treated with nicotiflorin (25-100 mg/mL) just before hypoxia. Cell viability is determined using the MTT assay[2].

Animal experiment:

Rats[2]A neurological examination is performed on each rat 24 h after the onset of ischemia. Briefly, neurological scores (NS) are derived using a 10-point sliding scale. Rats are administered 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg nicotiflorin or vehicle immediately after occlusion. Each animal is examined for reduced resistance to lateral push (score, 4), open field circling (score, 3), and shoulder adduction (score, 2) or contralateral forelimb flexion (score, 1) when held by the tail and suspended approximately 0.5 m above the floor. Rats extending both forelimbs toward the floor and not showing any other signs of neurological impairment are scored 0[2].

IC50: 2.9 μM for antilipase effect

Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside has been isolated from a crude ethyl acetate extract of A. mahidoliae leaves, which could enhance the in vitro migration of keratinocytes. Kaempferol and its glycosides have been reported to possess wound healing activity. Kaempferol and kaempferol-3-O-glucoside have been used in excision and incision wound healing in Wistar rats. Others from Ophioglossum vulgatum also showed wound healing activity via accelerating the cell migration of keratinocytes.

In vitro: It was found that Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside was a potent in vitro inhibitor of α-glucosidase with over 8-times more activity than acarbose, which was the reference antidiabetic drug. In addition, Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside displayed a synergistic effect with kaempferol and quercetin, two less potent flavonoid aglycones. However, the SAR profile of such drugs or drug combinations should be further discussed [1].

In vivo: Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside and rutin were previously tested on normotensive pentothal anaesthetized rats for their cardiovascular activities. Results showed that kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside displayed a remarkable decrease in diastolic, systolic, mean arterial blood pressure as well as heart rate, while rutin showed no effect on any of these parameters [2].

Clinical trial: N/A

References:
[1] Habtemariam S.  A-glucosidase inhibitory activity of kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside. Nat Prod Commun.2011 Feb;6(2):201-3.
[2] Mansoor Ahmad,Anwar-Ul-Hassan Gilani,Khalid Aftaband Viqar Uddin Ahmad.  Effects of kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside on rat blood pressure. Phytotherapy Research. Volume 7,Issue 4,pages 314–316.