包装 | 价格(元) |
1mg | 电议 |
5mg | 电议 |
10mg | 电议 |
25mg | 电议 |
Cell lines | H9c2 cells |
Preparation Method | Cells were allowed to reach 80% confluence in complete DMEM and were incubated for an additional 24 h in serum-free medium prior to experimental treatments. Following this, H9c2 cells were treated with 0, 5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800 or 1,000 nM Apelin-13 for 24 h |
Reaction Conditions | 0, 5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800 or 1,000 nM for 24 hours |
Applications | Apelin-13 treatment increased the percentage cell viability compared with the baseline constitutive release over a range of physiological extracellular concentrations from 50 to 600 nM, with a maximal effect at 200 nM. |
Animal models | male Sprague-Dawley rats |
Preparation Method | Rats were injected with a 0.9% equivolume saline control before peptide injection. Apelin-13 was dissolved as a stock solution of 40 µg/ml in 0.9% saline and administered intravenously at ∼3-6 µg/kg B.W., i.e., 1-2 µg per 300-g rat. |
Dosage form | Intravenous injection, 1-2 µg per 300-g |
Applications | An apelin-13 dose of 1 µg/300 g B.W. elicited an immediate change in blood pressure of -10.0 ± 1.9 mm Hg systolic and -13.0 ± 2.8 mm Hg diastolic. A 2 µg/300 g B.W. dose elicited immediate blood pressure changes of -9.8 ± 1.2 systolic and -13.2 ± 1.7 mm Hg diastolic. |
产品描述 | Apelin-13 is a peptide known as the ligand of the G-protein-coupled receptor APJ.[1]. Apelin-13 activated this G protein-coupled receptor with an EC50 value of 0.37 nM[2]. Apelin has been shown to be involved in the regulation of cardiovascular and fluid homeostasis, food intake, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis[1]. Apelin-13 was shown to inhibit insulin secretion stimulated by high glucose concentrations (10 mM) or potentiated by GLP-1 in INS-1 cells[3]. Apelin-13 at 200 nM can enhance H9c2 cell proliferation, which is mediated by the ERK1/2 and Akt signaling pathway[4]. Apelin-13 treatment significantly lowers blood glucose and protects HFD mice from hyperinsulinemia[5]. There are some contradictory reports about the effects of apelin-13/APJ on hypertension. Intraperitoneally administered Apelin-13 reduces blood pressure in hypertensive rats by inhibiting renin-angiotensin system[6]. Chronic infusion of apelin-13 into the paraventricular nucleus induces hypertension through increasing the levels of plasma norepinephrine and arginine vasopressin in normotensive rats[7]. References: |