Notoginsenoside R1, the main bioactive component in panaxnotoginseng, is reported to have some neuronal protective, antihypertensive effects. IC50 value:Target:In vitro:In vivo: Notoginsenoside R1 significantly reduce blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats and induce nitric oxide generation through increasing the phosphorylation of iNOS. Notoginsenoside R1 reduces the caudal blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats through induction of iNOS regulated by long non-coding RNA AK094457 [1]. The mice with notoginsenoside R1 treatment showed significant amelioration in the cognitive function and increased choline acetyl transferase expression, as compared to the vehicle treated mice. Notoginsenoside R1 treatment inhibited Aβ accumulation and increased insulin degrading enzyme expression in both APP/PS1 mice and N2a-APP695sw cells [2]. In Notoginsenoside R1 treated rats, expression of TGF-β1and Smad3 at each time point was down-regulated, with statistical significance(P0.05) compared with that in the NDMA group [3].

References:
[1]. Yang Y, et al. Notoginsenoside R1 reduces blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats through a long non-coding RNA AK094457. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Mar 1;8(3):2700-9.
[2]. Li Zhi, et al. Protective Effect of Notoginsenoside R1 on an APP/PS1 Mouse Model of Alzheimer&aposs Disease by Up-Regulating Insulin Degrading Enzyme and Inhibiting Aβ Accumulation. Protective Effect of Notoginsenoside R1 on an APP/PS1 Mouse Model of Alzheimer&aposs Disease by Up-Regulating Insulin Degrading Enzyme and Inhibiting Aβ Accumulation, Volume 14, Number 3, April 2015, pp. 360-369(10)
[3]. PU Xian-hong, et al. The Effect of Notoginsenoside R1 on TGF-β1/smad3 Signal Pathway in Hepatic Fibrosis Rats. Progress in Modern Biomedicine, 2015-04